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Sec. 14-12. Design criteria for public and private improvements. (1) Sanitary sewer facilities. All new or replacement sanitary sewer facilities and private package sewage treatment plants, including all pumping stations and collector systems, shall be designed to minimize or eliminate infiltration of floodwaters into the systems and of discharges from the systems into the floodwaters. The facilities and plants shall be located and constructed to minimize or eliminate flood damage and impairment. (2) Water facilities. All new or replacement water facilities shall be designed to minimize or eliminate infiltration of floodwaters into the system and shall be located and constructed to minimize or eliminate flood damage. (3) Drainage facilities. All storm drainage facilities shall be designed to convey the flow of surface waters without causing injury to persons or damage to property. The facilities shall ensure drainage away from buildings and on-site waste disposal sites. The city engineer may require a primary underground system to accommodate frequent floods and a secondary surface system to accommodate larger, less frequent floods. Drainage plans shall be consistent with local and regional drainage plans. The facilities shall be designed to prevent the discharge of excess runoff onto adjacent properties. (4) Utilities. All utilities, such as gas lines, electrical and telephone systems, being placed in flood prone areas should be located, elevated (where possible) and constructed to minimize the chance of impairment during a flooding occurrence. (5) Streets and sidewalks. Streets and sidewalks should be designed to minimize their potential for increasing and aggravating the levels of flood flow. Drainage openings shall be designed to reduce exposure to flood hazards. Sec. 14-13. Variances; factors to be considered. (a) In reviewing applications for variances, the board of zoning appeals shall observe all requirements and procedures set out in the zoning ordinance and shall also consider the following factors: (1) The potential danger to life and property due to increased flood heights or velocities caused by encroachments. (2) The showing of good and sufficient cause and the danger to life and property due to increased flood heights or velocities caused by encroachments. No variance shall be granted for any proposed use, development, or activity within any Floodway District that will cause any increase in the one hundred-year flood elevation. (3) The potential danger that materials may be swept on to other lands or downstream to the injury of others.